Intelligence, Interment and Relocation: Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066: How Top Secret "Magic" Intelligence Led to Evacuation

The central theme of Intelligence, Internment & Relocation is the reaction of our government to the threat to its existence presented by the Axis powers in World War II. Now, armed with fifty years of hindsight, we can say that mass evacuation of Japanese aliens & Japanese Americans was unnecessary because Japan made no attempt to invade or mount raids on the Pacific coast. But raids were planned & Attu & Kiska were invaded. Decisions were made on the basis of intelligence derived from many sources, particularly Japanese codes. Other sources included the Itaru Tachibana spy ring, Dr. Takashi Furusawa spy net, Kanikichi Yamamoto of the Tokyo Syndicate & the Tuna Fishing fleet. Four factors were involved in what has become known as the "military necessity" for the exclusion: *the military threat from the Japanese navy, *the collapse of the ethnic Japanese economy, *the rising tide of vigilante action against our Japanese population, *the substantial number of disloyal individuals within the Japanese community. Roosevelt took action under his war powers...powers that actually antedate the constitution & the Supreme Court approved. The Japanese American Citizens League endorsed the government's actions & the ACLU admitted the legality of the president's exclusion order.Robar, Keith is the author of 'Intelligence, Interment and Relocation: Roosevelt's Executive Order 9066: How Top Secret "Magic" Intelligence Led to Evacuation', published 2000 under ISBN 9781930662513 and ISBN 1930662513.