Rhetoric of Argument Text and Reader

Part One: Reading and Writing Arguments 1 An Introduction to the Study of Argument In the Media:"We Encourage You to Vote Today,"The Indianapolis Star An Argument Is Addressed to a Specific Audience at a Particular Time. An Argument Wants Something from Its Audience. An Argument Gives Its Audience Reasons for What It Wants. Not All the Reasons Are Stated Openly. Arguments Are Also Supported by Calling on Readers' Attitudes and Feelings. The Source of an Argument Matters. A Counter-Argument Is Always in the Background Expanding Your Definition of Argument Contexts for Argument Personal Interpersonal Professional Public The Rhetorical Situation Audience Exigence Constraints 2: Building the Case: Logos In the Media:An Ad for Purina One Beef Jerky Strips Analyzing the Advertisement for Beef Jerky Strips The Materials of Argument Building the Logos One-Part Argument: The Claim Alone Two-Part Argument: The Enthymeme Expanding Arguments: Branching Support Expanding Arguments: Chains of Support Combining Branching and Chaining Writing Your Argument:Building an Argument from Claim-Reason Pairs Expanding the Three-Part Argument: The Full Toulmin Model Building Arguments with Other Positions in Mind Writing Your Argument:Taking Account of Other Positions The Building Blocks of Arguments: Values and Facts Values Facts Using Sources Visual Rhetoric:Arguing with Images Robert Samuelson, "The Specter of Global Aging" (Article with photo) For You to Analyze: Advertisement for Kleenex Cold Care Barry R. McCaffrey, "Don't Legalize Those Drugs" 3 Establishing Credibility and Appealing to Emotion: Ethos and Pathos In the Media:"While the Children Sleep," A.M. Rosenthal Analyzing "While the Children Sleep" Ethos The Elements of Ethos Types of Ethos Pathos Ethos and Pathos Combine in Identification Establishing Ethos in Writing The Intellectual Virtue of Reasonableness The Overall Effects of Conviction and Moderation Disclaimers: Don't Get the Wrong Idea about Me or My Argument Writing Your Argument:Establishing Your Ethos Evoking Pathos in Argument Choosing Words Carefully Choosing Powerful Examples Writing Your Argument:Evoking Pathos Fallacies Visual Rhetoric:Emotion in Images Jack Ohman, "Twin Towers" (Political cartoon) For You to Analyze: Audrey Rock-Richardson, "Pay Your Own Way! (Then Thank Mom)" Leonard Pitts, "A Letter to the Terrorists" For You to Write 4: Generating the Argument: Questions and Claims In the Media:"Drug Tests Backed for Broader Pool of Students,"St. Louis Post-Dispatch Analyzing "Drug Tests Backed for Broader Pool of Students" Finding Issues to Argue Answering Questions with Claims The Four Basic Questions The First Question: What Is It? The Second Question: How Did It Get That Way? The Third Question: Is It Good or Bad? The Fourth Question: What Should We Do about It? Warrants and the Four Basic Questions Combining the Questions Finding the Key Questions at Issue The Basic Questions as a Research Strategy Writing Your Argument:Using the Basic Questions to Organize Your Research Reading for Questions: Kathryn Tolbert, "Japan's Modern Women Living Single and Loving It" Josette Shiner, "Crucifix Can Reflect on Good Moral Character of School" Bonnie Erbe, "It Would Drive Away Students" For You to Write: A "What's at Issue" Paper 5 Expressing Appeals: Language and Voice In the Media:"Subsidizing Illegal Residents," Ward Connerly Choosing a Voice Using I or Not Using I Using You or Not Using You Dialogue Building with Questions Using We or NotFahnestock, Jeanne is the author of 'Rhetoric of Argument Text and Reader', published 2003 under ISBN 9780073036168 and ISBN 0073036161.