Physicochemical Processes: For Water Quality Control

1. Process Dynamics, Reactions, and Reactors W. J. Weber, Jr., and R. P. Canale Process Dynamics Transport and Reaction Processes Material Balance Relationships Mechanics of Mass Transport Transport Processes Diffusive Mass Transport Convective Mass Transport Reactions and Energetics Equilibrium and Energetics Free Energy The Equilibrium Constant Stoichiometry Kinetics and Reaction Rates Mass Law Relationships Reaction Orders Treatment of Rate Data Limitations of Mass Law Relationships Application of the First-Order Equation Retardant and Autocatalytic First-Order Reactions Consecutive Reactions Parallel Reactions Reversible Reactions Enzyme Reactions Temperature and the Activation Energy Catalysis Homogeneous Catalysis Heterogeneous Catalysis Reactor Engineering and Process Design Completely Mixed Batch Reactors Completely Mixed Flow Reactors CMF Reactors in Series Determination of Rate Parameters in CMF Reactors Plug-Flow Reactors Plug Flow with Dispersion Problems References 2. Coagulation and Flocculation C. R. O'Melia Coagulation Processes Coagulation and Flocculation The Stability of Colloids Repulsive and Attractive Potentials Solvation Destabilization of Colloids Double-layer Compression Adsorption and Charge Neutralization Enmeshment in a Precipitate Adsorption and Interparticle Bridging Destabilization in Water and Wastewater Treatment Destabilization by Al (III) and Fe (III) Synthetic Organic Polymers Activated Silica Bioflocculation Selection of a Coagulant Rapid Mix Units Transport of Colloidal Particles Perikinetic Flocculation Orthokinetic Flocculation Equations for Determining the Mean Velocity Gradient Particle Transport in Water and Wastewater Treatment Flocculation Units Summary Problems References 3. Sedimentation R. P. Canale and J. A. Borchardt Sedimentation Processes Class-1 Clarification Class-2 Clarification Zone Settling Compression Short-Circuiting and Dispersion Patterns Sedimentation Tank Design Design Functions Clarifier Configuration Tube Settlers Inlet and Outlet Structures Safety Factors Problems References 4. Filtration J. L. Cleasby Filtration Processes Filtration Media Principal Mechanisms of Filtration Hydraulics of Flow Through Porous Media, Head Loss Development in a Gravity Filter, Water Pretreatment Rate Control Patterns and Methods Constant-Pressure Filtration, Constant-Rate Filtration, Declining-Rate Filtration Head Loss Patterns at Constant Rate Filter Effluent Quality Patterns Precoat Filters Deep Granular Filters Mathematical Models for Deep Granular Filters Specific Surface Model for Spherical Particles Specific Surface Model for Cylindrical Capillaries Interstitial Velocity Slow Sand Filtration Slow Sand Filter Operation Performance of Slow Sand Filters Rapid Sand Filtration Rate of Filtration Recent Trends in Rapid Sand Filtration Details of a Gravity Filter Details of a Pressure Rapid Sand Filter Design and Operating Variables for Deep Granular Filters Filter Media Backwashing of Filters Fluidization and Bed Expansion in Backwashing Auxiliary Agitation during Backwashing Underdrainage Systems Underdrain Design Wash Water Gutter Design Operational Problems Precoat FiltWalter J. Weber Jr. is the author of 'Physicochemical Processes: For Water Quality Control', published 1972 under ISBN 9780471924357 and ISBN 0471924350.